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Description

Charles John Huffam Dickens was an English writer and social critic. He created some of the worlds best-known fictional characters and is regarded as the greatest novelist of the Victorian era. His works enjoyed unprecedented popularity during his lifetime; and by the twentieth century critics and scholars had recognised him as a literary genius. His novels and short stories enjoy lasting popularity.Born in Portsmouth; Dickens left school to work in a factory when his father was incarcerated in a debtors prison. Despite his lack of formal education; he edited a weekly journal for 20 years; wrote 15 novels; five novellas; hundreds of short stories and non-fiction articles; lectured and performed extensively; was an indefatigable letter writer; and campaigned vigorously for childrens rights; education; and other social reforms.Dickenss literary success began with the 1836 serial publication of The Pickwick Papers. Within a few years he had become an international literary celebrity; famous for his humour; satire; and keen observation of character and society. His novels; most published in monthly or weekly instalments; pioneered the serial publication of narrative fiction; which became the dominant Victorian mode for novel publication. The instalment format allowed Dickens to evaluate his audiences reaction; and he often modified his plot and character development based on such feedback.For example; when his wifes chiropodist expressed distress at the way Miss Mowcher in David Copperfield seemed to reflect her disabilities; Dickens improved the character with positive features. His plots were carefully constructed; and he often wove elements from topical events into his narratives. Masses of the illiterate poor chipped in hapennies to have each new monthly episode read to them; opening up and inspiring a new class of readers. Dickens was regarded as the literary colossus of his age. His 1843 novella; A Christmas Carol; remains popular and continues to inspire adaptations in every artistic genre. Oliver Twist and Great Expectations are also frequently adapted; and; like many of his novels; evoke images of early Victorian London. His 1859 novel; A Tale of Two Cities; set in London and Paris; is his best-known work of historical fiction. Dickenss creative genius has been praised by fellow writersmdash;from Leo Tolstoy to George Orwell and G. K. Chestertonmdash;for its realism; comedy; prose style; unique characterisations; and social criticism. On the other hand; Oscar Wilde; Henry James; and Virginia Woolf complained of a lack of psychological depth; loose writing; and a vein of saccharine sentimentalism. The term Dickensian is used to describe something that is reminiscent of Dickens and his writings; such as poor social conditions or comically repulsive characters (font:Wikipedia).